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Technology that could see an end to the bane of many commuters – people talking loudly on their mobile phones – has been shown off by researchers.

The prototype device could allow people to conduct silent phone conversations.

The technology measures the tiny electrical signals produced by muscles used when someone speaks.

The device can record these pulses even when a person does not audibly utter any words and use them to generate synthesised speech in another handset.

“I was taking the train and the person sitting next to me was constantly chatting and I thought ‘I need to change this’,” Professor Tanja Shultz of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology told BBC News.

“We call it silent communication.”

The Translation system
The device, on show at the Cebit electronics fair in Germany, relies on a technique called electromyography which detects the electrical signals from muscles. It is commonly used to diagnose certain diseases, including those that involve nerve damage.

The prototype that is on display in Germany uses nine electrodes that are stuck to a user’s face.

The electrical pulses are then passed to a device which records and amplifies them before transmitting the signal via Bluetooth to a laptop.”These capture the electrical potentials that result from you moving your articulatory muscles,” explained Professor Shultz. “Those are the muscles that you need in order to produce speech.”

There, software translates the signals into text, which can then be spoken by a synthesiser.
In the future, said Professor Shultz, the technology could be packed in a mobile phone for instantaneous communication.

“We know this is not appealing for mass market use at the moment.”

However, she added, it could be initially used to help people who have lost their voice due to illness or accident.

It could also form the basis of an instant translation system, she said.

“You could speak in your mother tongue and the text could be translated into another language,” she said.
“The person that you are communicating with would then hear the synthesised voice in the other language.”
It is not the first time that electromyography has been explored for silent communication.

The US space agency Nasa has investigated the technique for communicating in noisy environments such as the Space Station. It has also used the technique to explore advanced flight control systems that do away with joysticks and other interfaces.

Nasa, she said, explored the technique to understand simple commands.

“The difference with our system is that we can record and recognise continually spoken sentences,” said Professor Shultz.

Cebit runs from 2 to 6 March in Hanover, Germany.

Source: BBC

Source: BBC

Microsoft is to ask millions of users across Europe if they want to use a web browser other than its own.

Windows users will be offered the choice as part of a deal Microsoft struck with the European Commission.

The agreement resolves a long-running case in which the software giant was accused of abusing its market position.

A pop-up window will prompt people to choose and install one of 12 different browsers or let them stick with Microsoft’s Internet Explorer.

Install options
The browser choice software will be delivered from Monday as part of the Windows Update system Microsoft usually uses to distribute security patches.

BROWSER CHOICES
Avant
Chrome
Firefox
Flock
Green Browser
Internet Explorer
K-meleon
Maxthon
Opera
Safari
Sleipnir
Slim

Although the update has been prepared for Windows XP, Vista and 7, not all users will see it.
It will not pop up in front of those who already run a different default browser, such as Firefox, Safari or Chrome.

Users guaranteed to see it are those that have Internet Explorer (IE) set as their default browser and have taken the option to let Windows automatically download and install updates.

Those that have this option turned off will be prompted to download, install and run the software.
Those that have automatic updates turned off can go to the Windows Update site and run a “Check For Updates” to get it.

When it runs, the software will present users with a window that says in bold text “An important choice to make: your browser”. It also asks people to ensure they are connected to the internet.

Once the “OK” button is clicked, they will see a screen that lists the 12 browsers available.

The Opera, Firefox, Chrome, Safari and Internet Explorer browsers are randomly ordered on the first section of this screen.

The browser choice comes as part of an anti-trust deal

Another seven browsers, namely Sleipnir, Green Browser, Maxthon, Avant, Flock, K-meleon, and Slim, will be randomly ordered on the rest of the screen. They can be viewed by scrolling sideways.

Below each listing will be a button giving more information. Another button lets users install one of the browsers.

Alternatively, users can opt to ignore the selection and make a choice later. If they do this a shortcut icon will appear on the Windows desktop that gives access to the browser choice window at any time.

The choice screen will keep appearing until a user has made a choice.

Anyone wanting to stick with IE will be prompted to upgrade to the latest version.

Microsoft said that Windows 7 users who have fixed or “pinned” IE to their taskbar will have it unpinned by the update. Right clicking the icon for any browser will let users pin that program to the taskbar.

It is not yet clear what effect the browser choice will have on Internet Explorer’s market share.

Although exact estimates are hard to find, web stats firm Net Applications said IE is used by 62% market share. Its closest rival is Firefox at 24%.

Some fear the browser choice system will confuse people. Already some who have been confronted with the choice screen have been worried that their machine has been taken over or fallen victim to a virus.